Description
TMN3701 ASSIGNMENT 1 2026
DUE 28 MAY 2026
Read the following scenario and answer the questions that follow:
Thabo is a Grade 4 learner who has just transitioned from a Foundation Phase
classroom,where he was taught in his Home Language, to an Intermediate Phase
classroom where
QUESTION 1
1.1 Cummins’ dual‑iceberg representation and Thabo’s situation
Cummins (1980) developed the dual‑iceberg model to explain the relationship between
a bilingual learner’s two languages. According to this model, the visible surface features
of each language such as pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar are separate and
can be observed as two distinct iceberg tips above the water (Nieman & Mukhari, 2020,
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